Indian Railways to launch country’s first hydrogen-powered train with 2,600-passenger capacity

New Delhi: Indian Railways is set to introduce India’s first hydrogen fuel cell-powered train, marking a major milestone in the country’s transition towards cleaner and sustainable rail transport. The 10-coach train, capable of carrying around 2,600 passengers, will initially operate on the Jind-Sonipat section in Haryana.

Unlike conventional electric trains that rely on overhead power lines, the new train generates electricity onboard through a hydrogen fuel cell, where hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce electricity. The only direct by-products of the process are water vapour and heat, resulting in near-zero emissions at the point of use.

The hydrogen train has been equipped with two Hydrogen Driving Power Cars, each producing 1,200 kW (1,600 hp), enabling an operational speed of 75 kmph and a design speed of 110 kmph. The project comes as Indian Railways has electrified more than 99% of its broad gauge network, further advancing its clean energy transition.

To support operations, Indian Railways has established the country’s largest railway hydrogen refuelling facility at Jind, where hydrogen is produced through electrolysis, compressed and dispensed for train operations. The facility can store nearly 3,000 kg of hydrogen and has been approved by the Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation (PESO).

Railways said the project incorporates multiple layers of safety, including hydrogen leak detectors, flame and smoke sensors, heat detection systems, continuous ventilation and automatic hydrogen shut-off mechanisms. The entire hydrogen ecosystem has been designed in accordance with international safety standards and independently assessed by TÜV SÜD, Germany, before being cleared for operations.

The train has been developed using indigenous technology under the leadership of Indian Railways, with the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) leading technical specifications and approvals. Medha Servo Drives integrated the trainset, while the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) designed its exterior.

Globally, hydrogen-powered passenger trains are still at a nascent stage and are typically limited to two to four coaches. Indian Railways said its 10-coach train demonstrates the scalability of hydrogen technology for high-capacity passenger services and represents a significant step towards achieving the country’s clean mobility and Net Zero goals under the National Green Hydrogen Mission.